Ip and subnet mask pdf

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Subnet mask is also a binary number but is also communicated in dotted decimal format or CIDR format Example subnet mask: 11111111.11111111.11111111.00000000 Subnet mask in dotted decimal: 255.255.255. Subnet Mask Subnet mask example IP: 192.168.1.1 Subnet mask: 255.255.255. determine the host portion and network portion for this network IP Address Classes Originally the entire IP address 2 Subnet Mask /20 ðà 255.255.240. 1 ' - "÷ 2 Subnet Mask ÷ 2 F ! 5 1 ˇ 5 I Mask 5 H @ ˙÷ ˇ ÷ 2 default - IP Class ÷ 2 F ! 5 1 ˇ 5 I Class A = Mask 8 bits = 255 . 0 . 0 . 0 Class B = Mask 16 bits = 255 . 255 . 0 . 0 Class C = Mask 24 bits = 255 . 255 . 255 . 0 Subnet mask 1 H ' D ˙ By borrowing host bits, more IP subnets are created, but each subnet can support fewer hosts. To change a host bit to a network bit, the subnet mask must be changed. Remember, a binary 0 in the subnet mask means that bit is part of the host portion of an IP address. A binary 1 in the subnet mask means that bit is An IP address is a thirty-two-bit binary number. The thirty two bits are separated into four groups of eight bits called octets. However, an IP address is represented as a dotted decimal number (for example: 205.57.32.9). Since an IP address is a binary number represented in dotted decimal format, an examination of the binary numbering ÖAll necessary information included in Ipaddr ÎSubnet routing ÖSpecific subnet mask (set by admin) required dest Next Hop Subnet mask: 255.255.255.224 162.12.1. Direct fwd 162.12.35.128 162.12.34.66 131.175.. 162.12.34.66 Routing Table Net = 162.12..0; subnet mask 255.255.255.224 162.12.1.1 162.12.1.11 162.12.34.65 Let's take an IP address of 10.20.237.15 and a subnet mask of 255.255.248.. Note that this can be and often is written in shorthand as 10.20.237.15/21 because the subnet mask length is 21. • If a binary bit is set to a 0 (or off) in a subnet mask, the corresponding bit in the address identifies the host. Looking at the above address and subnet mask in binary: IP Address: 10011110.01010000.10100100.00000011 Subnet Mask: 11111111.11111111.00000000.00000000 The first 16 bits of the subnet mask are set to 1. Thus, the first 16 bits Every IP address must be accompanied by a subnet mask. By now you should be able to look at an IP address and tell what class it is. Unfortunately your computer doesn't think that way. For your computer to determine the network and subnet portion of an IP address it must "AND" the IP address with the subnet mask. Default Subnet Masks: The subnet mask divides the IP address into the host and network addresses, defining which parts belong to the device and which to the network. An IP address and a subnet mask provide complete information and numerical identification to any device connecting to the network. For an IP address 192.35.128.93 with six subnets, we can calculate the subnet using the following steps: 1. Check the network class of the given IP address. 2. Because the address starts with 192, the network class is Class C. 3. Calculate the number of bits to define the subnets. Number of bits = Log2 (Number of subnets + 2). A little subnet chart I threw together to help you in your subnetting of Class C addresses. The chart shows the relatio